In the yogic tradition, purification of the body and mind is considered essential before one can achieve higher states of awareness. One of the most effective and time-tested methods for internal cleansing comes in the form of the 6 kriyas of yoga, also known as Shat Kriyas or Shatkarmas. These ancient techniques are detailed in classical yogic texts like the Hatha Yoga Pradipika and are still widely practiced in traditional yoga systems today.
What Are the 6 Kriyas of Yoga?
The word kriya comes from the Sanskrit root kri, meaning "to do" or "to act." In the yogic context, kriyas are specific techniques or actions aimed at purifying the body, removing toxins, and balancing the energies within. The 6 kriyas of yoga serve as preparatory practices that help harmonize the body’s systems, clear the energy channels (nadis), and prepare the practitioner for higher yogic practices like pranayama and meditation.
These six kriyas are:
- Neti (Nasal Cleansing)
Neti is a technique for cleansing the nasal passages, most commonly performed using a neti pot with warm saline water. There are different types of Neti, such as Jala Neti (using water) and Sutra Neti (using a thread). Neti helps clear the sinuses, reduce allergies, and improve breathing, which is essential for effective pranayama. - Dhauti (Cleansing of the Digestive Tract)
Dhauti includes various techniques to cleanse the alimentary canal. One well-known practice is Vamana Dhauti, where the stomach is cleansed by drinking warm saline water and inducing vomiting. This kriya is believed to help with digestion, remove acidity, and eliminate toxins from the stomach lining. - Nauli (Abdominal Massage)
Nauli involves the churning of the abdominal muscles in a circular motion. It is a powerful practice that massages the internal organs, stimulates digestion, and strengthens the abdominal muscles. Nauli is considered highly effective in regulating hormonal function and increasing willpower and internal energy. - Basti (Yogic Enema)
Basti is the yogic technique of colon cleansing. Traditionally done by sitting in water and using abdominal movements to draw water into the colon, it helps flush out waste and toxins. In modern adaptations, it is sometimes practiced using simple enema tools. Basti supports a healthy digestive system and removes blockages in the intestines. - Kapalabhati (Skull Shining Breath)
Often mistaken as a pranayama, Kapalabhati is actually one of the 6 kriyas of yoga. It involves forceful exhalations and passive inhalations to cleanse the lungs, energize the mind, and increase oxygen supply to the brain. This kriya is excellent for mental clarity, respiratory health, and detoxification. - Trataka (Concentrated Gazing)
Trataka is the practice of steady gazing, usually on a candle flame or a symbol, without blinking. It is used to cleanse and strengthen the eyes, improve concentration, and calm the mind. Trataka is also known to awaken the third eye (Ajna Chakra) and enhance intuitive abilities.
Benefits of Practicing the 6 Kriyas of Yoga
The 6 kriyas of yoga offer a wide range of physical, mental, and spiritual benefits:
- Detoxification: Removes impurities from the digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems.
- Enhanced immunity: Cleanses the body’s internal systems, making it less prone to disease.
- Improved mental focus: Clears mental clutter and supports meditation.
- Balanced energy flow: Opens blocked nadis and harmonizes pranic energy.
- Emotional stability: Helps release deep-seated emotional tensions.
- Spiritual readiness: Prepares the body and mind for deeper yogic practices.
When and How to Practice the Kriyas
While some kriyas like Kapalabhati and Trataka can be practiced more frequently, others like Nauli, Dhauti, and Basti require supervision, especially for beginners. It is highly recommended to learn these practices under the guidance of a qualified yoga teacher, particularly those trained in traditional Hatha Yoga.
Additionally, the kriyas should be performed on an empty stomach, and it’s important to follow proper diet and lifestyle practices to maximize their benefits.
Conclusion
The 6 kriyas of yoga are more than just physical cleansing techniques—they are transformative tools that help align the body, mind, and spirit. By integrating these practices into your yogic journey, you can experience profound improvements in health, clarity, and inner awareness. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced yogi, exploring the Shat Kriyas offers a deeper understanding of the holistic nature of yoga and its powerful capacity to purify and uplift human life
