Infertility is a challenge that affects millions of couples worldwide. Thanks to advancements in medical science, assisted reproductive technologies like IVF treatment (In Vitro Fertilisation) have given hope to those struggling to conceive naturally. But what exactly is IVF, how does it work, and what can you expect during the IVF treatment process? Let’s break it down in a simple, conversational manner.
What Is IVF Treatment?
IVF (In Vitro Fertilisation) is a medical procedure where an egg is fertilised by sperm outside the body in a laboratory. Once fertilisation occurs, the embryo is carefully transferred into the woman’s uterus to establish pregnancy. IVF is a widely used treatment for infertility caused by factors such as blocked fallopian tubes, ovulation disorders, endometriosis, or unexplained infertility.
The IVF Treatment Process: Step-by-Step
The IVF treatment process consists of multiple stages that require medical supervision and precision. Each stage is crucial for increasing the chances of a successful pregnancy.
1. Ovarian Stimulation
The first step involves stimulating the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. The patient is given fertility medications, usually for 8 to 14 days, to encourage the development of multiple follicles (fluid-filled sacs containing eggs). Regular ultrasounds and blood tests are conducted to monitor the growth and response to medication.
2. Egg Retrieval (Ovum Pick-Up)
Once the follicles reach the desired size, an injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is given to trigger ovulation. Around 34 to 36 hours later, a minor surgical procedure called follicular aspiration is performed under sedation or anaesthesia to collect the eggs from the ovaries using a thin needle.
3. Sperm Collection and Fertilisation
On the same day as egg retrieval, a semen sample is collected from the male partner (or a sperm donor). The sperm is then processed, and the healthiest ones are selected for fertilisation. There are two main fertilisation methods:
- Conventional IVF: Sperm and eggs are placed in a petri dish, allowing natural fertilisation.
- ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection): A single sperm is directly injected into an egg to assist fertilisation in cases of male infertility.
4. Embryo Culture and Development
After fertilisation, the embryos are monitored for 3 to 5 days as they develop into blastocysts (early-stage embryos). The healthiest embryos are chosen for transfer.
5. Embryo Transfer
Embryo transfer is a painless procedure where one or more embryos are placed into the uterus using a thin catheter. This is typically done on Day 3 or Day 5 after fertilisation. After this step, the patient is advised to rest and avoid strenuous activities.
6. The Two-Week Wait and Pregnancy Test
After embryo transfer, the most challenging phase begins—the two-week wait. A blood test is conducted after 10-14 days to check for pregnancy. If successful, prenatal care follows. If unsuccessful, further consultation with the doctor is required to explore alternative options.
IVF Treatment Cost: What to Expect?
The IVF treatment cost varies depending on multiple factors, such as the clinic, location, medications, and additional procedures (such as ICSI or embryo freezing). In India, the cost generally ranges between ₹1.5 lakh to ₹3 lakh per cycle, but this can increase if multiple cycles are needed.
Some additional costs include:
- Medications: ₹50,000 to ₹1 lakh
- Embryo Freezing & Storage: ₹20,000 to ₹40,000 per year
- Donor Egg or Sperm (if required): ₹30,000 to ₹50,000
Many health insurance providers now offer partial coverage for fertility treatments. It’s important to check with your insurance provider to see if IVF treatment costs are included in your plan.
Who Should Consider IVF?
IVF is recommended for couples facing:
- Blocked or damaged fallopian tubes
- Severe male infertility (low sperm count or poor motility)
- Ovulation disorders (PCOS, premature ovarian failure, etc.)
- Endometriosis
- Unexplained infertility
- Genetic disorders requiring embryo screening
Success Rates of IVF
IVF success rates depend on multiple factors such as age, health conditions, embryo quality, and the expertise of the clinic. On average:
- Women under 35 have a 40-50% success rate per cycle
- Women between 35-40 have a 30-40% success rate per cycle
- Women above 40 have a 10-20% success rate per cycle
Since IVF does not guarantee pregnancy in a single attempt, many couples undergo multiple cycles for better chances of success.
Are There Any Risks in IVF Treatment?
While IVF is generally safe, it carries some risks, such as:
- Multiple pregnancies (twins or triplets)
- Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) due to excess hormone medication
- Ectopic pregnancy (implantation outside the uterus)
- Emotional and financial stress
Doctors take all necessary precautions to minimise these risks and ensure a smooth process.
Final Thoughts
The IVF treatment process is a journey that requires patience, resilience, and emotional strength. Understanding what is IVF treatment and its different stages helps couples prepare for the road ahead. If you’re considering IVF, consult a fertility specialist to discuss your medical history and available options.
At Niva Bupa, we understand the emotional and financial burden of fertility treatments. That’s why we offer health insurance plans that provide financial support for IVF and related medical expenses. Check out our plans to see how we can help make your parenthood journey smoother and stress-free.
If you’re considering IVF, reach out to a trusted fertility clinic and explore your insurance coverage options. Parenthood might be just a step away!
