Agriculture in Benin plays a central role in the nation's economy, providing livelihoods for more than two-thirds of the population. The country's fertile soil and favorable climate allow for the cultivation of diverse crops such as maize, cotton, cassava, millet, and yams. Cotton, in particular, is Benin’s most important cash crop and a major export product, contributing significantly to national income.

Despite its importance, the agricultural sector faces challenges such as limited mechanization, poor rural infrastructure, and vulnerability to climate change. The government, in collaboration with international partners, is working to modernize the sector through investments in irrigation, farmer training programs, and value chain development. These efforts aim to boost productivity, ensure food security, and increase the competitiveness of Benin’s agricultural exports.